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KMID : 0360220190600020135
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Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society
2019 Volume.60 No. 2 p.135 ~ p.143
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One-year Outcome of Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant for Diabetic Macular Edema Patients
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Park No-Hae
Kwak Hyun-Duck
Yoon Chang-Ki
Lee Ji-Eun
Sagong Min
Lee Sang-Joon
Lee Joo-Eun
Kim Kun-Hyung
Kim Hyun-Woong
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Abstract
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Purpose: The 1-year outcomes of intravitreal dexamethasone implants in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients were evaluated.
Methods: The medical records of 67 patients (70 eyes) with DME were reviewed retrospectively. All patients were treated with intravitreal dexamethasone implants more than twice a year and followed up for at least 1 year from the first dexamethasone implant injection. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured at every visit after the first injection. Adverse effects, including cataract formation and elevation of IOP, were analyzed.
Results: The mean patient age was 58.72 ± 9.91 years and 38 patients were male. The average number of injections was 2.73 ± 0.65 and the interval between injections was 21.52 ± 8.47 weeks. The average baseline BCVA and CMT were 0.59 ± 0.30 logMAR and 457.17 ± 133.10 μm, respectively. The BCVA was significantly improved from 3 months after the first injection, but this result did not last for 1 year. The CMT was significantly decreased compared to baseline for 1 year (p < 0.001). Group analysis revealed that the BCVA improved significantly in the group with HbA1c < 8.1% compared to the group with HbA1c ≥ 8.1% (p = 0.044), and the CMT improved significantly in the group with absent subretinal fluid compared to the group with the presence of subretinal fluid (p = 0.009). An elevated IOP was observed in 18 eyes (24%), and cataract formation was observed in 10 eyes (14%).
Conclusions: Intravitreal dexamethasone implants resulted in visual acuity stabilization and macular edema reduction in patients with DME.
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KEYWORD
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Dexamethasone, Diabetes mellitus, Macular edema
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